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J.P. Guilford
In the 1950s J.P. Guilford, following the model of factor
analysis, created his three-factor structure of the intellect,
commonly known as SOI. In his cubic model there are three separate
factors that make up any intellectual activity. Operations are the
things that an individual does, such as remembering and thinking
creatively; contents are the things that the individual works with
and performs his operations on, such as words, sounds, or body
language; and products are the ways in which information is
organized, such as single items, groups of items, or a generalization
to new situations.
There are five operations, five contents, and six products.
This page [http://home.gci.net/~innob/HTML/SOI.html] has good
definitions of the subcomponents of the intellect. There are 150
possible combinations of these factors (one of each) which can be
diagramed in a cube (see p. 434 in the Psychology textbook by
Benjamin, Hopkins, and Nation). For example, something that tests
convergent production on semantic relations would be like a
multiple-choice test that asks the person to find the best word to
complete the sentence. See here
[http://www.lincoln.ac.nz/educ/tip/55.htm] for a few good examples.
Many people, such as psychologist Mary Meeker, have produced
tests that use his theory of intelligence to be used in helping
students. Through these tests, students are able to identify more
easily their strengths and weaknesses, and are able to strengthen
them. However, the task of identifying all 150 parts of the
intellect and creating and administering a test for them can be
overbearing. Even Guilford had not finished describing all of the
combinations in his theory of the intellect before his death. |