Brainstorming: A popular technique for creative problem solving that encourages the generation of many ideas in an environment free of judgement and criticism.

Calibration: Relationship or correlation between a remember's confidence that a memory is correct and the actual accuracy of the memory.

Computer: A model which sees thought processing as a of receiving the information, processing it, storing it, and retrieving - much like a computer must do with data.

Creativity: Artistic or intellectual inventiveness that results in some novel and valuable product.

Functional Fixedness: A hindrance in problem solving in which a person thinks of an object as having very specific functions, and is unable to see the potential uses of various objects in novel situations.

Heuristic: Problem solving strategy that draws on the person's past experiences, helping to select paths that are more likely to lead to solutions.

Illusion of Knowing: An inaccurate over-confidence about one's knowledge and understanding.

Insight: Sudden realization of an idea.

Metacognition: Thinking or awareness of one's own thoughts.

Mental Sets: The tendency to approach new problems with strategies used for solving similar problems in the past. Mental sets can hinder problem solving.

Neural Network Models: Models of thinking that emphasize the parallel, or simultaneous, nature of thought that occurs automatically, inexactly, without awareness.