the kinesthetic process
Once the brain receives messages, it can measure the impulses in the
nerves when a muscle is stretched. A pattern is encoded in the impulses which
contains the code for how much the muscles are stretched. The brain can
calculate where your limbs are with this information even though the patterns
change since the body is moving a lot. Although it isn't known how
the brain does this, one theory states that the muscle nerves
send their messages to different places which allows the brain to be flexible
in that different parts can work on different messages. Another theory is
that the brain areas can change the code of impulses and transmit the new
messages to other brain areas.